This conference-report figure organizes research themes rather than experimental results. Begin with measurement and analytical technologies, follow them into microbe–host and health questions, then consider how collaboration and scientific communication connect the themes under One Health.

Overview of key themes and research areas presented at the iMeta Conference 2024. The figure captures the key themes discussed during the conference, including advanced technologies, microbe–host interactions, medical research, gut microbiome, international collaborative projects, and insights from the journal forum. A keyword cloud reflecting core research topics such as microbiota, health, microbial community, disease, and plant microbiome is included. iMeta is dedicated to building an innovative scientific research ecosystem for microbiome and One Health.